最近小编一直在做长连接相关的事情,最大的感触就是发版太痛苦,一个个踢掉连接然后发版,导致发版时长过长,操作繁琐。所以在想能不能实现优雅重启, 发版时客户端无感知。
1.难点
-
如何做到不中断接收连接
-
如何做到已有连接不中断
2.解决
2.1 如何做到不中断接受连接
以下是linux源码中bind的实现(linux-1.0)
// linux-1.0/net/socket.c 536
static int
sock_bind(int fd, struct sockaddr *umyaddr, int addrlen)
{
struct socket *sock;
int i;
DPRINTF((net_debug, "NET: sock_bind: fd = %d\n", fd));
if (fd < 0 || fd >= NR_OPEN || current->filp[fd] == NULL)
return(-EBADF);
//获取fd对应的socket结构
if (!(sock = sockfd_lookup(fd, NULL))) return(-ENOTSOCK);
// 转调用bind指向的函数,下层函数(inet_bind)
if ((i = sock->ops->bind(sock, umyaddr, addrlen)) < 0) {
DPRINTF((net_debug, "NET: sock_bind: bind failed\n"));
return(i);
}
return(0);
}
// linux-1.0/net/inet/sock.c 1012
static int
inet_bind(struct socket *sock, struct sockaddr *uaddr,
int addr_len)
{
...
outside_loop:
for(sk2 = sk->prot->sock_array[snum & (SOCK_ARRAY_SIZE -1)];
sk2 != NULL; sk2 = sk2->next) {
#if 1 /* should be below! */
if (sk2->num != snum) continue;
/* if (sk2->saddr != sk->saddr) continue; */
#endif
if (sk2->dead) {
destroy_sock(sk2);
goto outside_loop;
}
if (!sk->reuse) {
sti();
return(-EADDRINUSE);
}
if (sk2->num != snum) continue; /* more than one */
if (sk2->saddr != sk->saddr) continue; /* socket per slot ! -FB */
if (!sk2->reuse) {
sti();
return(-EADDRINUSE);
}
}
...
}
- sock_array是一个链式哈希表,保存着各端口号的sock结构
- 通过源码可以看到,bind的时候会检测要绑定的地址和端口是否合法以及已被绑定, 如果发版时另一个进程和旧进程没有关系,则bind会返回错误Address already in use
- 若旧进程fork出新进程,新进程和旧进程为父子关系,新进程继承旧进程的文件表,本身"本进程"就已经监听这个端口了,则不会出现上面的问题
2.2 如何做到已有连接不中断
-
新进程继承旧进程的用于连接的fd,并且继续维持与客户端的心跳
linux提供了unix域套接字可用于socket的传输, 新进程起来后通过unix socket通信继承旧进程所维护的连接
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
ssize_t sendmsg(int sockfd, const struct msghdr *msg, int flags);
ssize_t recvmsg(int sockfd, struct msghdr *msg, int flags);
发送端调用sendmsg发送文件描述符,接收端调用revmsg接收文件描述符。
两进程共享同一打开文件表,这与fork之后的父子进程共享打开文件表的情况完全相同。
由此解决了文章开头提出的两个问题
3. Demo实现
-
进程每次启动时必须check有无继承socket(尝试连接本地的unix server,如果连接失败,说明是第一次启动,否则可能有继承的socket),如果有,就将socket加入到自己的连接池中, 并初始化连接状态
-
旧进程监听USR2信号(通知进程需要重启,使用信号、http接口等都可),监听后动作:
- 监听Unix socket, 等待新进程初始化完成,发来开始继承连接的请求
- 使用旧进程启动的命令fork一个子进程(发布到线上的新二进制)。
- accept到新进程的请求,关闭旧进程listener(保证旧进程不会再接收新请求,同时所有connector不在进行I/O操作。
- 旧进程将现有连接的socket,以及连接状态(读写buffer,connect session)通过 unix socket发送到新进程。
- 最后旧进程给新进程发送发送完毕信号,随后退出
-
以下是简单实现的demo, demo中实现较为简单,只实现了文件描述符的传递,没有实现各连接状态的传递。
// server.go
package main
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
"log"
"net"
"os"
"os/signal"
"path/filepath"
"sync"
"syscall"
"time"
)
var (
workSpace string
logger *log.Logger
writeTimeout = time.Second * 5
readTimeout = time.Second * 5
signalChan = make(chan os.Signal)
connFiles sync.Map
serverListener net.Listener
isUpdate = false
)
func init() {
flag.StringVar(&workSpace, "w", ".", "Usage:\n ./server -w=workspace")
flag.Parse()
file, err := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(workSpace, "server.log"), os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE, 0777)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
logger = log.New(file, "", 11)
go beforeStart()
go signalHandler()
}
func main() {
var err error
serverListener, err = net.Listen("tcp", ":7000")
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
for {
if isUpdate == true {
continue
}
conn, err := serverListener.Accept()
if err != nil {
logger.Println("conn error")
continue
}
c := conn.(*net.TCPConn)
go connectionHandler(c)
}
}
func connectionHandler(conn *net.TCPConn) {
file, _ := conn.File()
connFiles.Store(file, true)
logger.Printf("conn fd %d\n", file.Fd())
defer func() {
connFiles.Delete(file)
_ = conn.Close()
}()
for {
if isUpdate == true {
continue
}
err := conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(readTimeout))
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
rBuf := make([]byte, 4)
_, err = conn.Read(rBuf)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
if string(rBuf) != "ping" {
logger.Println("failed to parse the message " + string(rBuf))
return
}
err = conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(writeTimeout))
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
_, err = conn.Write([]byte(`pong`))
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
}
}
func beforeStart() {
connInterface, err := net.Dial("unix", filepath.Join(workSpace, "conn.sock"))
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
defer func() {
_ = connInterface.Close()
}()
unixConn := connInterface.(*net.UnixConn)
b := make([]byte, 1)
oob := make([]byte, 32)
for {
err = unixConn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Minute * 3))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
return
}
n, oobn, _, _, err := unixConn.ReadMsgUnix(b, oob)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
if n != 1 || b[0] != 0 {
if n != 1 {
logger.Printf("recv fd type error: %d\n", n)
} else {
logger.Println("init finish")
}
return
}
scms, err := unix.ParseSocketControlMessage(oob[0:oobn])
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
if len(scms) != 1 {
logger.Printf("recv fd num != 1 : %d\n", len(scms))
return
}
fds, err := unix.ParseUnixRights(&scms[0])
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
if len(fds) != 1 {
logger.Printf("recv fd num != 1 : %d\n", len(fds))
return
}
logger.Printf("recv fd %d\n", fds[0])
file := os.NewFile(uintptr(fds[0]), "fd-from-old")
conn, err := net.FileConn(file)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
go connectionHandler(conn.(*net.TCPConn))
}
}
func signalHandler() {
signal.Notify(
signalChan,
syscall.SIGUSR2,
)
for {
sc := <-signalChan
switch sc {
case syscall.SIGUSR2:
gracefulExit()
default:
continue
}
}
}
func gracefulExit() {
var connWait sync.WaitGroup
_ = syscall.Unlink(filepath.Join(workSpace, "conn.sock"))
listenerInterface, err := net.Listen("unix", filepath.Join(workSpace, "conn.sock"))
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
defer func() {
_ = listenerInterface.Close()
}()
unixListener := listenerInterface.(*net.UnixListener)
connWait.Add(1)
go func() {
defer connWait.Done()
unixConn, err := unixListener.AcceptUnix()
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
defer func() {
_ = unixConn.Close()
}()
connFiles.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
if key == nil || value == nil {
return false
}
file := key.(*os.File)
defer func() {
_ = file.Close()
}()
buf := make([]byte, 1)
buf[0] = 0
rights := syscall.UnixRights(int(file.Fd()))
_, _, err := unixConn.WriteMsgUnix(buf, rights, nil)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
}
logger.Printf("send fd %d\n", file.Fd())
return true
})
finish := make([]byte, 1)
finish[0] = 1
_, _, err = unixConn.WriteMsgUnix(finish, nil, nil)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
}
}()
isUpdate = true
execSpec := &syscall.ProcAttr{
Env: os.Environ(),
Files: append([]uintptr{os.Stdin.Fd(), os.Stdout.Fd(), os.Stderr.Fd()}),
}
pid, err := syscall.ForkExec(os.Args[0], os.Args, execSpec)
if err != nil {
logger.Println(err.Error())
return
}
logger.Printf("old process %d new process %d\n", os.Getpid(), pid)
_ = serverListener.Close()
connWait.Wait()
os.Exit(0)
}
// client.go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net"
"time"
)
var (
writeTimeout = time.Second * 5
readTimeout = time.Second * 5
)
func main() {
conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", "127.0.0.1:7000")
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
defer func() {
conn.Close()
}()
for {
time.Sleep(time.Second)
err := conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(writeTimeout))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
break
}
fmt.Println("send ping")
_, err = conn.Write([]byte(`ping`))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
break
}
err = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(readTimeout))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
break
}
rBuf := make([]byte, 4)
_, err = conn.Read(rBuf)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
}
fmt.Println("recv " + string(rBuf))
}
}